Some thoughts on the news, religion and life in general
The narrative of inaction
The inconsistency of being a Muslim today and living in America and the West in general reveals the wisdom behind the opinions that call for migration from the West. It is becoming more and more difficult to hold on to Islam in an environment that is becoming more hostile towards Muslims.
This part of Imam Anwar al-Awlaki alleged statement (above), published last week, sums up the underlying mood of his website after his release from a Yemeni prison. I’m not interested in criticising or condemning Imam Anwar as a person or his alleged remarks about Fort Hood per se, as he may or may not be the author. Although a recent report in the Washington Post also claims he says Major Hasan’s actions were acceptable in Islam.
My concern is the narrative along with its conclusion that is being promoted to Muslims in the west. That, judging by comments on his website and my discussions with young Muslims in the UK, does have some following.
Whilst Imam Anwar’s online narrative may have originated in legitimate grievances, as in the reaction to illegitimate Western aggression in Muslim countries and the farce of the ‘War on Terror’ – not to mention Abu Ghraib, Guantanamo Bay and CIA renditions, it offers little by way of any practical courses of action for Muslims in the west to address or change that situation. Having said that, it does highlight the importance of the concept of Jihad in Islam against foreign occupation and aggression. Again this a legitimate Islamic concern, although perhaps more immediately relevant to the people of those countries that are under attack or occupation.
What it offers Muslims here in the West is an immediate empathy with the anger and the helpless frustration felt by Muslims and non-Muslims at the mindless brutality of wars waged against Iraq and Afghanistan, that have led to hundreds of thousands of civilian deaths.
This narrative regularly brings home and interprets news of battles, events and developments from Asia, Africa and the Middle East, giving Muslims a sense of being involved. Some of the articles attempt to weave in Prophetic Hadith (tradition) foretelling such events and promising victory to various Muslim armies that will emerge in the ‘last days’, concluding an apocalyptic duel to the end. I have met brothers who are fixated with thesepossible dates, numbers and clashes with a surreal fervour.
The main problem with this narrative and its effects on some Muslims is in the way it shapes or distorts their outlook to living in the West. The whole range of issues around Muslim identity, citizenship, hijra [migration], our priorities, al-wala wal-bara (allegiance and non-allegiance), da’wah, other faiths and integration, are all perceived through the prism of this narrative.
Therefore the whole government is obviously the enemy (accordingly) and any Muslims attempting to work with them are labelled as Munafiqoon (hypocrites) or as having questionable intentions.
Non-Muslims are to be avoided as much as possible, with only the minimum interaction with the non-Muslim society in general. We should remain amongst ourselves, and if possible leave the country as soon as we have the means to do so to a more ‘Islamic’ environment - ignoring the harsh realities of the lack of religious freedom, abuses of human rights, poor economic conditions and the stifling visa and immigration rules that prevail in many Muslim countries. Calling for change will land you in solitary confinement in most places in the Middle East, even from behind the comfort of your laptop.
Scholars who do not agree with this narrative are to be routinely rejected. Any scholars that speak of Tajdid (renewal) in general, flexibility in Shari’ah or dare to mention the Maqasid (purpose/objectives) of Shari’ahare immediately held with suspicion and labelled as at best an unqualified liberal, or at worse someone who is trying to destroy the Shari’ah from within. This approach only further serves to decimate any semblance of affinity or unity that exists amongst Muslims here – as testified to by the website commenters who accused western Muslims, who condemned the Fort Hood massacre, of treason.
In general this approach is inward looking, isolationist, defensive and debilitating for Muslims here. It constantly reduces the circle of possibilities of effective engagement within society, reducing the space in which Muslims can legitimately act. It sees no point in working with any seriousness to build strong Muslim communities as you are likely to be forced out of these countries sooner or later. In the end when changes abroad are not forthcoming the only desperate recourse is the support of any action that weakens the ‘enemy’ at home. This is the logical conclusion of the ‘da’wah’ (message) of this narrative.
Some of the previous groups in the UK that also missed the crucial point of being grounded in Islamic principles as applied to our geo-political reality were led by the now forgotten likes of Shaykh Faisal, Abu Hamza and Omar Bakri. As the Arabic saying goes ‘extremism has a short life’ – in other words imbalance and extremities are itself the seeds of its own destruction. Their approaches lasted no more than a decade.
A number of their followers that ‘burnt out’ have now turned up on the other extreme of the spectrum reinventing themselves as the champions of a ‘liberal Islam’ that even strips away some of Islam’s fundamental beliefs and practices. Others have simply grown up or just disappeared off the activist map, opting for a more reclusive pace of life.
The foundations of this narrative are built on events unfolding in physically, though not spiritually or emotionally, distant geographical locations. Whilst it may have more relevance and priority in those places, it is baffling as to why this message is being directed to Muslims in the West.
The alternative to this, which many mainstream scholars and organisations are already working towards, is to take that righteous indignation and frustration and channel it towards practical positive work that is real, sensible and is in accordance with priorities for us in the West. It has to be acknowledged that many existing Muslim organisations and leaders have not adequately articulated this alternative message with sufficient theological references, which has left a vacuum for such narratives to develop. This alternative has to be Islamicly sound whilst acknowledging our immediate realities including:
1) The presence of some 20 million Muslims in the EU, many of them indigenous, who aren’t about to migrate to anywhere quickly.
2) The binding nature of our contract (in Shari’ah) to live as law abiding citizens of a state as stated by eminent scholars of the past (Shafi’i, Sarakhsi et al) and present (Yusuf al-Qaradawi, Abdullah bin Bayyah and the European Fiqh Council).
3) The obligations we have as Muslims to our immediate social context in terms of self-reformation, learning, promoting the good and forbidding the evil, da’wah to Muslims and non-Muslims.
4) The religious and human rights and freedoms that we still enjoy compared to most Muslim countries, particularly the Middle East.
Whilst we cannot radically change anything in far away lands - we can change, and have an obligation to change things nearer to home. Tackling doubts about Islam, crime, sexual promiscuity, drug and alcohol abuse amongst the youth, mental health, marriage breakdown, as well as other major issues in our communities deserve our immediate attention. We also need more young people to be trained and involved in the media, in public services, and many other areas.
It’s not just about fire-fighting, we have to also concurrently strive to build an infrastructure related to religious, educational, economic and human resources in order to develop strong vibrant communities that can represent Islam in the West. A support infrastructure is needed for many of the thousands of indigenous Muslims who feel alienated from their own communities, but also face difficulties when trying to mix with the immigrant Muslim communities.
These are far more immediate, practical and perhaps necessary priorities for us in the West. All this does not mean we cannot oppose unjust foreign policy, rather we have a moral duty to do so.
My main point is that I see too many young people ‘suspended in animation’ (their bodies here but their hearts and minds in other lands), all due to the influence of this narrative. Many surf the net, helplessly watching events unfold that are out of their sphere of influence, fighting cyber wars with others, and then taking the Prozac of the above narrative to feel good again.All the while not planning effectively what to do with their lives in the here and now or not contributing effectively in areas that they have skills and abilities to do so. There can be no greater loss to the Ummah than a wasted youth that could have made a significant difference to his or her community.
This is not about the severing of Western Muslims from the East as that is antithetical to our teachings. It’s about recognising the harsh geo-political realities and then being able to nurture and channel the positive dynamic activism that exists in us all within the framework of Shari’ah, towards that which fulfils the demands that Shari’ah places upon us according to our time, location, realities and capacities.
It is high time that Muslims - particularly young Muslims in the West - recognised the difference between a charismatic speaker, teacher or ‘Shaykh’ and a Faqih, Mufti or Mujtahid. The latter has the qualifications and sufficient training to pronounce fatwas on strategic issues that call for deep juristic analysis, synthesis of the Juziyat (legal particulars) and the Kulliyat (universals) and a proper understanding of the implications of their pronouncements upon the societies concerned.
Hopefully the recently reported statement of Anwar al-Awlaki and the question marks over ownership of his website should alert people to the precarious source and foundations of that narrative.
| Print article | This entry was posted by Shafi on 17 November, 2009 at 11:00 pm, and is filed under Shafiur Rahman. Follow any responses to this post through RSS 2.0. You can leave a response or trackback from your own site. |
about 9 months ago
Really good article, spot on! I see young people hooked on about the last day, the medi army and so on!! All fueled by the online media.
We need to give the people task and objectives in life to help themselves, their families and their local community.
about 9 months ago
Brother, you have pointed to some of the key anxieties in the community, but when you say ‘question marks over ownership of his website’, what do you mean? Can you explain or refer us to another article? I have not heard this.
about 9 months ago
assalaamu ‘laikum, br Shafi.
It is somewhat dissapointing that we are obsessed by what may or may not have been written by Imam Anwar.
The article nonetheless raises some good points such as the occupation and war on muslim countries and Islaam. It even has the courage to say that it may be an obligation for the populations under occupation to turn to jihad! This is a refreshing difference on this blog.
However, it makes some obvious mistakes. “I have met brothers who are fixated with thesepossible dates, numbers and clashes with an surreal fervour.”
There are only a very rare minority that actually are guilty of this. Surely, you are not casting doubt on these authentic narrations. As for dates, there are only signs, no clear cut date.
More importantly, people in the past, such as Muzaffar Qutuz and Salaahuddeen weren’t relying on the emergence of the Mahdi to expel the foreign invaders. Their situation was as critical as ours, their enemy as overpowering as the enemy today. Some would vouch that it was far worse for them. Despite all this, they were able to respond to an impossible situation without the Mahdi or the army from khorasaan.
What’s sad today is again the imbalance. It is actually a vast majority of the muslims in the world today that opt for INACTION by rejecting the Mahdi and any response similar to that of Muslims under crusader occupation or under attack from the Tatars.
Again, we create a non issue. The other…
about 9 months ago
Salaam brother Shafi
Thank you for the balance and practical advice you have given here. I was very happy reading this blog of yours as it represented the thinking of our movement and the way we work. I agree with you 100% and make dua that you continue with the work that your doing. Balance in thinking and action is vital and to judge each situation and context according to shariah keeping in mind the makaasid is also very important. As Allah(SWT) says in the Quran “You are the best of nation evovlved for mankind, you enjoin the good and forbid the evil and beleive in Allah”. Also in chapter five Allah syas “Do not let your hatred cause you to be unjust, being just is closer to piety”.
about 9 months ago
Salaam again.
One more time, the premise that this article is based on is that a many ‘young muslims’ are turning to the narrative of inaction. This is even untrue of the most stereotyped group called almuhaajiroon. Even these people have moved on from the type of thinking you are describing br shafi. Rest assured, I am no fan of muhajiroon.
“The whole range of issues around Muslim identity, citizenship, hijra [migration], our priorities, al-wala wal-bara (allegiance and non-allegiance), da’wah, other faiths and integration, are all perceived through the prism of this narrative.”
I can’t see what is wrong with muslims who percieve the above issues through the interpretation of quran and sunnah. Especially when the reality suggests that a vast majority of muslims, non practicing first and then even the practicing are shaping their views around al walaa wal baraa/integration/hijrah by neglecting/contradicting the primary texts in favour of ‘looking at the context’, in favour of ‘benefit and harm’, or ‘the spirit of the notion/hukm aka maqaasid’.
At the heart of this dangerous philosophy is
1. avoiding displeasing the kuffaar
2. avoiding any and all forms of harm or negative consequences. i.e. ensuring a life of no test, tribulation or difficulty or hardship.
It seeks to argue that such points have a place in the sharee’ah. No dispute there. However in applying these as the primary sources of evidence and in contradiction to quraan and…
about 9 months ago
Salaam
Can anyone tell us what proactive/positive work that al muhajiroon do apart from fuelling hate to non muslims (creation of EDL&SDL) towards muslims and presenting a harsh, intolerant and extreme image of Islam. It will be very interesting to know. We sometimes become shortsighted, a bit impatient and be influenced by these groups. The Quran wasn’t revealed in one go, but it took 23 years and the prophet (saw) implemented it accordingly. We know that our prophet (saw) and his companinons suffered sevear persecution but still they didn’t retaliate untill they migrated to madina and then ordered by Allah (read tafsir of sura Muhammed(SAW) by Mawdudi (R) in Towards Understanding the Quran. The prophet (saw) did tawaf of the holy Kaba and prayed there when there was approximately 360 idols in it. Does that mean he (nawuzubillah) contradicted the Quran and (nawuzubillah) worshipped Idols. NO!. And so that is why understanding the context is very important.
The Muslim Ummah has degenerated so much that they dont care or take heed of even the fundementals of Islam. Also living in the West ha allowed them to indulge in materialism and have ingrained in them the greed for money. So our strategy of dawah to muslims and non muslims will defer according to country and the social environment but also keeping in line with Quran and Sunnah.
about 9 months ago
@mawdudi
I was hoping the brother writing comments under the name Mawdudi would reply to my question as he suggested that almuhajirun dont fall in the category of those referred by the br shafur as being inactive. I am not inviting a debate but ther you go..
about 9 months ago
Br Shafi, you say
“Tackling doubts about Islam, crime, sexual promiscuity, drug and alcohol abuse amongst the youth, mental health, marriage breakdown, as well as other major issues in our communities deserve our immediate attention…”
This clearly makes the point that life for western muslims since the first wave of migration (for material purposes generally) to the west has gotten worse in some ways. Especially in respect to the condition of their faith and their preserving their identity.
Why do you seek to sever the western muslims from their ties to the rest of the ummah and the serious issues that the majority of the ummah are facing? After all, the muslims living in the UK are a mere minority in comparison to the rest of the ummah living in the muslim world.
It would seem rather unislamic to do so and selfish to say, ‘to them their problems, to us our own’.
Bottom line is, it is those who are the ‘qaa’idoon’, far from the sufferings of their brethren that are paralysed by inaction. (please be more sensible than to say “go on then… YOU make hijrah”) They wish to stay inside the comfort zones and maintain the status quo by presenting “immediate realities” as an obstacle.
It isn’t going to be easy. Nobody is saying that. No doubt, these things entail sacrifice and hardship. Just like it did for the early muslims. Infact it is much easier for us thanks to globalisation, communications and technology.
about 9 months ago
@Mawdudi
Jazakallahu khair for your comments, may Allah swt increase you to that which is pleasing to Him alone.
1. Salah-uddin memorised the Quran, studied fiqh, hadith, literature and poetry, trained in horsemanship, martial arts and war strategy. He moved with Kings and princes and was fully involved in the politics of his day. MOST IMPORTANTLY he worked in and around the society he found himself in.
2. ‘Immediate realities’ are not an obstacle rather an opportunity to work for the sake of Allah, in a place and time that He has put you in, in a society that you understand and that you have obligations towards. Immediate realities are only obstacles if your only programme for Muslims minorities throughout he world is to make ‘hijrah’ or to go and fight somewhere, and even then I don’t see it as a real obstacle.
3. “I can’t see what is wrong with muslims who percieve the above issues through the interpretation of quran and sunnah.”
I totally agree with you. This is exactly what many leading shaykhs such Sh. Al-Qaradawi, Sh. bin Bayyah, Sh. Salman Aloudah and the European Fiqh Council as well as countless others have done.
4. “At the heart of this dangerous philosophy is ………….”
This ‘dangerous philosophy’ (ie Maqasid, context etc) is an integral part of Shariah overall, it doesn’t have to be an independent source of shariah to affect Fatwas. Most fears around maqasid are unfounded arising from a lack of shariah literacy and the way source texts are interpreted within the frameworks of usul-alfiqh, qawaaid fiqhiyah, maqasid al-shariah etc. Yes there maybe a few people who try to abuse this but alhamdulillah the room to manoeuvre within the principals and frameworks are clearly laid down as to expose any charlatans.
about 9 months ago
@Mawdudi
Usooli giants such Imam Juwaini, Imam Ghazzali, Imam Razi, Imam Aamidi, ibn al-Qayim al Jawziyah , Imam Shatibi and Ibn Ashur, all cite the importance of Maqasid in their works. It is an established norm amongst the vast majority of scholars in the science of usul al fiqh particularly related to ijtihad and fatwa and nothing to do with ‘modernism’. I’m sure these scholars had nothing to do with ‘pleasing the kuffar’ or ‘contradicting the texts’
“Shari’ah is based on wisdom and achieving people’s welfare in this life and the afterlife. Shariah is all about justice, mercy, wisdom, and good. Thus any ruling that replaces justice with injustice, mercy with its opposite, common good with mischief, or wisdom with nonsense, is a ruling that does not belong to the Shariah, even if it is claimed to be so according to some interpretation” (Ibn Qayyim Al-Jawziyya, I’lam Al-Muwaqqeen).